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Cancer of the uterus, or endometrial cancer, is a disease in which cancer cells are present in the inner lining of the womb (which is called the endometrium). Also, a very small percentage of endometrial cancers called uterine sarcomas grow in the muscles of the uterus. Unfortunately, there is no reliable screening test to detect cancer of the uterus. All women over age 30 should have an annual Pap smear and those over 40 should have an annual pelvic examination as well.
The Pap smear is very effective in finding pre-cancerous changes in the cervix (the mouth of the womb), but it is not reliable for finding endometrial cancer. More likely, during a pelvic examination, your doctor may notice irregularities in the size or shape of the uterus.
You should always seek medical advice if you notice any unusual bleeding between periods, spotting after menopause, vaginal discharge, or pain in the lower abdomen.
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